>> The Swampland Flora The great territorial extension and climatic diversity of Brazil explain the vegetable wealth that the country possesses. The native and exotic vegetable species known just represent a sample of the ones that exist probably (it is believed that only met 60 to 80%). Great part of the primitive vegetable covering was already and it continues being devastated, creating risks of accidents and ecological unbalances. The Brazilian flora is dispersed for several habitats, from earth forests strong to the fields with vegetation of small plants and mosses. Most part of the Brazilian flora is in the Atlantic forest and in the Amazonian forest, although the Swampland sul-matogrossense it also presents great vegetable variety. Besides the native plants, the Brazilian flora received copies of other tropical areas brought by the Portuguese during the colonial period. Several of those species they limited the agricultural areas as the rice, the sugarcane, the banana and the citric fruits. Other they adapted well and they dispersed for the forests such point that they are confused with native species. The medicinal plants are used thoroughly by the population, although little it is known scientifically about their use. The indigenous population also used them and they still use the Brazilian flora, however such knowledge has in lost with acculturation by the white man. It is possible that a lot of species of Brazilian plants have therapeutic use still unknown. That knowledge however it is threatened by the deforestation and for the expansion of the agricultural lands. The Swampland has a very rich flora that it is formed by plants arrivals of the Savannah, of the Amazonian (camalote and royal Vitória), of Chaco and of the South American fields, rarely they are exclusive of the area. The vegetation is varied mainly because of the flood and of the soil. During the drought that coincides with the winter, the fields become yellowish. The vegetation of the Swampland is not homogeneous and the flora can differ in agreement with the altitude. In the bays, that are ponds temporary or permanent, we found aquatic plants submerged or flotation. In the permanent waters they are common the camalotes and the baceiro or batume, that it is a formed flotation vegetation to put ciperáceas and other aquatic plants. Those plants are important for the survival of the aquatic fauna. In the cordilleras, where the lands are not flooded, there is savannah vegetation, cerradão or mata. In the fields, areas flooded that is sometimes confused as a result of the deforestation, the grassy ones prevail. The Capão is a stain of arboreal vegetation of savannah, cerradão or matas that forms islands in the fields. In Carandazal area also flooded has the Carandá, a palm tree of Chaco with leaves in fan form, relative of the carnauba of the Northeast and whose wood is used for fences and constructions. In the salt beds, ponds of salty water, we found great amount of algae that give green color the water. The ebb tide, which is a temporary river, when it is in the drought period, is covered with grassy, forming areas of natural pasture for the cattle. The savannah has two stations well marked, the drought and the rainy. The soil is predominantly sandy and copper most of the Swampland. The use of that area a very little time before was small, but today is changing with the increase of the grains cultivation, mainly of the soy in the center-west. The general state of conservation according to studies of Embrapa (the governement enviroment cientific department) is still good, and 50% is still in natural state. But critical areas that already need conservation or recovery, where the cultivated pastures in declived lands, the ciliary exist's forests of streams and mined areas. A fourth of the areas earth is cultivated pastures used in the livestock. The agriculture is practiced exclusively in the establishments with the bean production, rice, corn, cassava, fruits and vegetables. The soil used a lot of times is not ideal for farming, although chemically fertile, because it is shallow or of clay that hardens with the earth preparation. >> Voltar ao Topo